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Dambo, Tamar; Ersoy, Metin; Auwal, Ahmad; Olorunsola, Victor; Olonode, Ayodeji; Arikewuyo, Abdulgaffar; Joseph, Ayodele, Nigeria's hashtagEndSARS Movement and its Implications on Online Protests in Africa's Most Populous Country, 2020 pp. smaller than 0

This article looks at the claims on social media by Nigerian youth of police abuse, which is well documented in the three-year online EndSARS campaign. The authors examine the limitations of the campaign, which lasted three years with little success.  They explore the main themes of the campaign and consider4 how Nigeria's political environment can hinder successful movement activism.

Branch, Taylor, Parting the Waters: America in the King Years 1954-63, 1 New York, Simon and Schuster, 1988 3 , pp. 1064

Part 1 of the trilogy. Episodes extracted from this readable narrative have been compiled into one volume – Taylor Branch, The King Years: Historic Moments in the Civil Rights Movement, New York, Simon and Schuster, pp. 256.

Potel, Jean-Yves, The Summer Before the Frost: Solidarity in Poland, London, Pluto Press, 1982 , pp. 229

Eye-witness account of early stages, combined with broader analysis. Includes notes on key individuals and organizations and a chronology.

D'Anieri, Paul, What has changed in Ukrainian politics? Assessing the implications of the Orange Revolution, 52 3 (September/October) 2005 , pp. 82-91

, Bitter Flowers, Sweet Flowers: East Timor, Indonesia, and the World Community, ed. Selden, Mark; Tanter, Richard; Shalom, Stephen, Lanham MA, Rowman and Littlefield, 2001 , pp. 312

Part I ‘East Timor: Resistance, Repression and the Road to Independence’ focuses particularly on the role of the National Council of the Timorese Resistance, the Catholic Church and the student movement.

Erikson, Kenneth, The Brazilian Corrporate State and Working Class Politics, Berkeley CA, University of California Press, 1977 , pp. 225

, The Journey to Tahrir: Revolution, Protest and Social Change in Egypt, 1999-2011, ed. Sowers, Jeannie; Toensing, Chris, London, Verso, 2012 , pp. 320

Begins with the uprising centred on Tahrir Square and then examines the Mubarak regime, the economic trends, and the growing protests by workers, and by democracy, anti-war, social and environment activists.

Hall, David; Lobina, Emanuele; de la Motte, Robin, Public Resistance to Privatisation in Water and Energy, 15 3-4 (June) 2005 pp. smaller than 0

Examines role of different types of opposition in ‘delaying, cancelling or reversing the privatization of water and energy’, including success in Nkondobe (South Africa), Paraguay where parliament voted in 2002 to suspend indefinitely privatization of state-owned water and Poznan in Poland in 2002, and failure of campaigns in UK, Chile and Philippines.

, Defence and Dissent in Contemporary France, ed. Howorth, Jolyon; Chilton, Patricia, London, Croom Helm, 1984 , pp. 264

Part 1 covers France’s defence policy since 1945 – including the wars in Indo-China and Algeria, and De Gaulle’s decision (supported by the major political parties) to develop a French nuclear bomb. Part 2 focuses on anti-nuclear critiques and movements in the 1980s, including a military critique of French defence policy by Admiral Sanguinetti and Claude Bourdet on the ‘The rebirth of the peace movement’.

, The Promised Land: Feminist Writing in the German Democratic Republic, ed. Martens, Lorna, New York, State University of New York Press, 2001 , pp. 273

Writings by prominent intellectuals, including Christa Wolf, exploring how far the GDR gave women the equality it proclaimed.

, Social and Cultural Change in Contemporary Wales, ed. Williams, Glyn, London, Routledge, Kegan and Paul, 1978

Siripala, Thisanka, Slow to start, Japan is finally having a #MeToo moment, , pp. smaller than 0

Addresses the development of the #MeToo movement in Japan that captured the nation's attention in April 2018 after a top-ranking Finance Ministry official was accused by a female reporter of repeated sexual harassment. A secret recording published online revealed the bureaucrat asking the reporter, “Can I kiss you?” and “Can I hug you?” and “Can I touch your breasts?” during an interview.

See also https://qz.com/1697589/japans-kutoo-movement-rejects-mandatory-high-heels-for-women/

, Opposition to war: An Encyclopedia Of U.S. Peace And Antiwar Movements, ed. Hall, Mitchell, Two volumes Santa Barbara, CA, ABC-CLIO, 2018 , pp. 846

Investigates this historical tradition of resistance to involvement in armed conflict. In particular, it discusses peacemaking efforts in the United States. It also examines the entirety of American history, from the colonial era to modern times and reveals the multiple religious and secular motivations of peace seekers in the US. Finally, it examines how war and those who oppose war have been portrayed in popular media over the centuries.

Yogatnathan, Nimalan, Black Lives Matter movement uses creative tactics to confront systemic racism, , pp. smaller than 0

The article discusses how the BLM protesters tactics have changed the way the demands of the movement have been put forward, thus shifting the public discourse on the fight against institutional injustice.

See also: Rivas, Josué, The Nation and Magnum Foundation, ‘Black Liberation and Indigenous Sovereignty Are Interconnected’, The Nation, 29 June 2020.
https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/black-liberation-indigenous-sovereignty/

Rivas, an indigenous film-maker, responds to parallels between the indigenous movement and Black Lives Matter, and offers his photographs as a contribution to the BLM movement

Parsa, Misagh, Democracy in Iran: Why It Failed and How It Might Succeed, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 2016 , pp. 406

An analysis of the theocratic regime installed in 1979 and the problems facing the country, including corruption and cronyism, deep economic inequality and a brain drain of professionals. The author discusses the potential of the Green Revolution and its suppression, considers whether there is any scope to reform the regime from within, and concludes that the best hope is another revolution.

See also: Boroumand, Ladan, 'Iran's Exclusionary Republic', Journal of Democracy, vol. 29 no. 2. (April 2018), pp. 406.

This review of the 2016 book Democracy in Iran (see below) begins by commenting on the mass demonstrations that broke out in late December 2017 across 72 cities, calling for regime change, and how they were suppressed (48 killed and 4,792 arrests). Boroumand asks how 'recurrent explosions of popular anger in the Islamic Republic can be explained, and how the most recent protests related to the strong majority vote for the moderate President Rouhani six months earlier. She then turns to the book as a helpful analysis of developments since 1979, when Ayatollah Khomeini came to power.

Israel, Adrienne, Ex-Servicemen at the Crossroads: Protest and Politics in Post-War Ghana, 30 2 1992 , pp. 359-368

A trigger incident in 1948 was when armed police opened fire on an ex-servicemen’s march about unpaid benefits, killing three.

Kuzio, Taras, Civil society, youth and societal mobilization, 39 3 (Special Issue ‘Democratic Revolutions in Post-Communist States’, ed. Taras Kuzio) 2006 , pp. 365-368

Examines the leading role of youth organizations – Otpor in Serbia (2000), Kmara in Georgia (2003) and Pora in Ukraine (2004) – and conditions for success, including training, western technical and financial assistance, choice of strategies and response of authorities.

Harman, Chris, The Fire Last Time: 1968 and After, 1988 London, Bookmarks, 1998 , pp. 410

Chapter 13 ‘Portugal: The Revolution that Wilted’ recounts from a revolutionary socialist perspective the extraordinary ferment of 1974-75, a period of ‘dual power’ between radical workers going on strike and occupying their workplaces and the provisional government, with increasing polarization between left and right.

, The People Reloaded: The Green Movement and the Struggle for Iran’s Future, ed. Hashemi, Nadar; Postel, Danny, New York, Melville House, 2011 , pp. 440

Anthology exploring the nature of the movement, including expert and participant analyses, manifestos, communiques, interviews and debates. A number of the presentations, including that by co-editor Danny Postel and Charles Kurzman’s ‘Cultural Jiu-Jitsu’ can be viewed on YouTube channel ‘Iran: Politics of Resistance’.

, Urban Navigations: Politics, Space and the City in South Asia, ed. Schapiro, Jonathan; McFarlane, Colin, London, Routledge, 2001 , pp. 347

Focuses on conflicts over urban space, resources and housing in Cambodia, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, and includes accounts of resistance in squatter settlements, e.g. in Kathmandu.

Akula, Vikram, Grassroots Environmental Resistance in India, In Bron Raymond Taylor, Ecological Resistance Movements: The Global Emergence of Radical and Popular Environmentalism (C.1.a. General and International Studies) Albany NY, State University of New York Press, 1995 , pp. 127-145

Discusses early resistance in 19th and 20th centuries and contemporary campaigns against destruction of forests, dams, pollution and over-fishing of seas, and mining. Akula also describes Jharkand separatist ‘tribal’ struggle to own their historic land and promote sustainable use of resources.

Cortright, David, Soldiers in Revolt: The American Military Today, Garden City NY, Anchor Press, 1975 , pp. 364

Silva de Assis, C., Transgendering the media: Trans Media Watch and the struggle over representations of transgender in the British media, Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Faculty of Humanities Theses, 2014 , pp. 100

Hemström, Cajsa, Feminist movements as agents of political change: An analysis of feminist social movements’ impact on labour rights legislation in Morocco, Uppsala University, 2019

Inspired by the debate over whether globalisation has brought more benefits or disadvantages, and whether feminist movements around the world are gaining more agency and leverage, this thesis explores what influence feminist movements exercised on labour rights legislation in Morocco.

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