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Sinno, Wael, How People Reclaimed Public Spaces in Beirut during the 2019 Lebanese Uprising, 5 1 2020 , pp. 193-228

In the context of discussing the importance of public spaces where citizens can protest and make public speeches, this article examines how the Lebanese demonstrators have used and reshaped multipupose public spaces such as streets, open public spaces such as gardens, and abandoned urban facilites such as a partially built cinema.

Jasper, James, The Art of Moral Protest: Culture, Biography, and Creativity in Social Movements, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1997 , pp. 514

Takes up the challenge that ‘most academic theories of social movements are not prepared to explain the full range of protest goals and activities, especially those of privileged rather than oppressed citizens’, specifically drawing on the US environmental, anti-nuclear energy, and animals rights movements.

Tai, Zixue, The Internet in China: Cyberspace and Civil Society, London, Routledge, 2006 , pp. 365

, War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa, ed. Nathan, Laurie; Cock, Jacklyn, New York, St. Martins Press, 1989 , pp. 361

See also Laurie Nathan, Force of Arms, Force of Conscience: A Study of Militarisation, the Military and the Anti-Apartheid War Resisters’ Movement in South Africa, 1970-1988, Bradford, University of Bradford, 1990 .

Nathan was a leading activist in the End Conscription Campaign.

Tilly, Charles, Social Movements, 1768-2004, Boulder CO, Paradigm Publishers, 2004 , pp. 204

Chapter 5, pp. 95-122, ‘Social Movements enter the Twenty-First Century’, takes as its starting point the January 2001 text message in Manila, ‘Go EDSA, Wear black’ and goes on to discuss the relationship between social movements and communications technology with further details on unrest in Manila.

Kaufman, Edy, The Role of the political parties in the redemocratization of Uruguay, In Saul Sosnowski, Louise B. Popkin, Repression, Exile and Democracy: Uruguayan Culture, Durham NC, Duke University Press, 1993 , pp. 272 , pp. 17-58

Includes references to role of ‘truly peaceful resistance’ in 1983.

Pillay, Pearl, The Marikana Massacre: ‘the sub-altern cannot speak', 98 (December) , pp. smaller than 0

Brief article which details evolution of strike from 10-16 August.

Lawrence, William, Saami and Norwegians protest construction of Alta Dam, Norway, 1979-81, ed. Rennebohm, Max, 2011 , pp. 3

Useful summary with references.

McCarthy, Mary, Vietnam, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1968 , pp. 119

Influential account by US novelist of her visit to Vietnam, in which she argued that the US was fighting a war it could not win, and called for withdrawal.

Taylor, Verta; Whitaker, Nancy, Collective Identity in Social Movement Communities: Lesbian Feminist Mobilization, In Aldon Morris, Carol McClure Mueller, Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, New Haven CT, Yale University Press, 1992 , pp. 400 1992 , pp. 104-129

Examines development of lesbian feminism in the US from the early 1970s and explores its collective identity and engagement in range of actions challenging status quo.

Rahmanipour, Setayesh; Kumar, Shannon; Simon-Kumar, Rachel, Underreporting sexual violence among ‘ethnic’ migrant women: perspectives from Aotearoa/New Zealand, 21 2 2019 , pp. 837-852

Sexual violence within minority ethnic communities is endemic in Aotearoa/New Zealand, but grossly underreported. This paper presents the results of two small-scale qualitative studies that explored why. In-depth interviews were undertaken with academics, specialist sexual violence practitioners and community/social workers. Two main factors that led to underreporting were first, internalised barriers as a result of a ‘white’ and ‘male’ gaze; and second, the cultural relativism of meanings of violence. The authors discovered that issues of stigma, defensiveness about traditional norms, especially concerning gender roles and the referencing of minority group identity were deterrents to disclosure and reporting. The paper also explored the implications of underreporting for women seeking help and for the collection of robust evidence of sexual violence among minority ethnic women. The paper concludes with recommendations for improved strategic efforts to encourage safe disclosure among women in minority ethnic communities who experience sexual violence.

Muzee, Hannah; Endeley, Joyce, “Sister Robert, sister John”: Enhancing women’s voices and gendered membership of the Uganda Women Parliamentary Association, 33 2 2019 , pp. 22-31

This article focuses primarily on the Ugandan Women’s Parliamentary Association (UWOPA) as a key part of the wider women’s movement in Uganda. It considers how women members of parliament were able to give more prominence to women’s concerns in policy debates, but also how they were strengthened, when pressing for gender-sensitive laws and policies, by women’s collective backing. The findings also show that success in achieving laws such as Domestic Violence Act and Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation was due to collaborating with male legislators, some of whom joined UWOPA.

Lipton, Judith; Barash, David, Strength Through Peace, New York, Oxford University Press, 2019 , pp. 261

A study of Costa Rica, which explores the relation between its demilitarized status and its safety, independence, and social wellbeing.

Stephan, Rita; Charrad, Mounira, Women Rising: In and Beyond the Arab Spring, New York , New York University Press, 2020 , pp. 432 (pb)

This comparative study of 16 countries documents women's political resistance during and since 2011, with essays by both activists and scholars.  The book stresses the diversity of the social groups and attitudes of the women involved, and gives a voice to often marginalized groups such as housewives and rural women. After an introductory chapter 'Advancing Women's Rights in the Arab World', the book is divided into five parts: What They Fight For; What They Believe; How They Express Agency; How They Use Space to Mobilize; and How They Organize.

, Yugoslavia in the 1980s, ed. Ramet, Pedro; Martin, Chris; Hopken, Wolfgang, Boulder CO, Westview Press, 1985 , pp. 354

, Gathering Visions, Gathering Strength, ed. Bierley, John, Bradford and London, GVGS Publishing Group and Peace News, 1998 , pp. 39

Report of conference of that title bringing together nonviolent activists from different campaigns and different generations.

Nemoto, Kumiko, Too Few Women At The Top. The Persistence Of Inequality In Japan, New York, Cornell University Press, 2016 , pp. 296

The number of women in positions of power and authority in Japanese companies has remained small despite the increase in the number of educated women and the laws on gender equality. Kumiko Nemoto challenges claims that the surge in women’s education and employment will logically lead to the decline of gender inequality and eventually improve women’s status in the Japanese workplace. Interviews with diverse groups of workers at three Japanese financial companies and two cosmetics companies in Tokyo reveal the persistence of vertical sex segregation as a cost-saving measure. Women’s progress is impeded by corporate customs such as pay and promotion, track-based hiring of women, long working hours, and the absence of women leaders. Gender equality for common businesses requires that Japan fundamentally depart from its postwar methods of business management. Comparison with the situation in the United States makes the author’s analysis of the Japanese case relevant for understanding the dynamics of the glass ceiling in U.S. workplaces as well.

Clements, Kevin, What Happened to the New Zealand Peace Movement? Anti-Nuclear Politics and the Quest for a More Independent Foreign Policy, In in Patman, Robert, Iati Iati and Balazs Kiglics (eds.) New Zealand And The World. Past, Present And Future New Jersey and London, World Scientific, 2018 , pp. 221-237

Clements comments on the success of the peace movement in the 1980s in achieving the Nuclear-Free Zone, Disarmament and Arms Control Act of 1987, and the later waning of its influence on New Zealand’s foreign policy.

Mwangilwa, Goodwin, Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula: A Biography of the Old Lion of Zambia, Lusaka, Multimedia Publications, 1982 , pp. 157

Nkumbula was the first major exponent from the 1940s of African resistance to white dominance and federation, and led the Northern Rhodesian African National Congress. But in the late 1950s he moved towards gradual reform policies and stood for a seat in the 1959 elections, whilst 
Kapepwe and Kaunda opted for further resistance and founded their own separate party.

, Reclaiming Democracy: Civil Society and Electoral Change in Central and Eastern Europe, ed. Forbrig, Joerg; Demes, Pavol, Washington DC, German Marshall Fund of USA, 2007 , pp. 254

First section includes contributions from Slovakia, Croatia, Serbia, Georgia and the Ukraine. Second section is comparative discussion on range of issues by authors including Valerie Bunce and Sharon Wolchik, Taras Kuzio and Vitali Silitski.

Press, Robert, Peaceful Resistance: Advancing Human Rights and Democratic Freedom, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2006 , pp. 227

Primarily with reference to Kenya, discusses interplay of human rights advocacy and democratic resistance in authoritarian state. Articles by Press on nonviolent movements in Kenya, Liberia and Sierra Leone can be downloaded from: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=1319605.

Vlachos, Helen, House Arrest, London, Andre Deutsch, 1970 , pp. 158

Falasiri, Arash, Iran’s Green Movement: Decapitated but not Defeated, London, OpenDemocracy.net, 2011

Mason, Paul, We Will Barricade, In Paul Mason, Why Its Kicking Off Everywhere: The New Global Revolutions (A.8.a. General Titles) London, Verso, 2012 pp. smaller than 0

Discusses resistance of slum dwellers in Philippines to eviction, but also their role in providing cheap workforce undermining organized labour.

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