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Fairbanks, Charles, Georgia’s Rose Revolution, 15 April 2004 , pp. 110-134

Explains background to the demonstrations, and elaborates on role of the US government in relation to the elections, and of the George Soros Open Society Foundation in funding opposition and promoting nonviolent prkotest. Comments also on the role of TV stations owned by private entrepreneurs.

Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA), , Women of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA),

Barros, Mercedes, Human Rights Movement and Discourse: Its Emergence and Constitution in Argentina, Villa Maria, Eduvim, 2012 , pp. 282

Lustick, Ian, Writing the Intifada: Collective action in the Occupied Territories, 45 4 (July) 1993 , pp. 560-594

Review article covering nine recent books, and providing overview of movement and noting the impact on the Arab world (Algeria and Jordan) and wider world.

Hurley, Judith, Brazil: A Troubled Journey to the Promised Land, In Philip McManus, Gerald Schlabach, Relentless Persistence: Nonviolent Action in Latin America (E. IV.1. General and Comparative Studies) Philadelphia PA, New Society Publishers, 2004 , pp. 174-196

The author, who founded a US support group for the landless, provides excerpts from her journal of visiting sites of land struggle in 1987. She notes intensified confrontations in 1980s between the landed elite and the landless, who resorted to lawsuits, demonstrations, fasts, vigils, marches, mock funerals and, above all, land occupations.

Joppke, Christian, Mobilizing Against Nuclear Energy: A Comparison of Germany and the United States, Berkeley CA, University of California Press, 1993 , pp. 307

Coulson, Meg, Looking behind the Violent Break-up of Yugoslavia, 45 1993 , pp. 86-101

Examines post-1945 history of Yugoslavia and causes of its breakdown. Notes emerging feminist peace and ecological movement in the 1980s and the role of women in ongoing opposition to the war, including Serbian women demonstrating against the war with Croatia and demanding return of their husbands and sons.

Sinpeng, Aim, Hashtag Activism: Social Media and the #FreeYouth Protests in Thailand, 53 2 2021 , pp. 192-205

The 2020 protests were the first major pro-democracy demonstrations in Thailand mediated on Twitter. This article examines how activists used hash tags in the early phase of the movement, and argues that they developed collective narratives and spread information, rather than using Twitter to organize protests. The focus within the #FreeYouth campaign was on criticism of the government and calls for democracy, creating a 'pro-democracy collective action framework'.

Stephens, Robert, The Fire Next Time, Oct/Nov 2014 , , pp. 29-31

Uses interviews with Black organisers to discuss disagreements about the best strategy to build on the mobilization resulting from the 2014 Ferguson 'rebellion' triggered by the shooting of Mike Brown. Notes in particular conflict between those working through the electoral process and seeking reform, and those focusing on resistance to the white power structure.       

Chan, Johannes, Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement, 103 6 2014 , pp. 571-580

This article was written before the occupation of areas of Hong Kong had been ended by the authorities, so it is an initial response to the protests. It examines the causes of the movement and speculates about its wider implications for politics in Hong Kong and relations with China.

Penovic, Tania; Sifris, Ronli, Expanding the feminisation dimension of international law: targeted anti-abortion protest as violence against women, 7 2 2018 , pp. 241-267

International law has expanded significantly to encompass abuse of women’s rights, as a result of pressure from international civil society. There is now strong support for recognising violence against women as a human right issue. But attempts by women’s groups to promote consensus on reproductive rights, especially the right to safe access to abortion, have met with strong opposition or conservative religious bodies at both an international and local level.  This article includes a case study of local direct action in Australia against access to abortion, and also a wider evaluation of the impact of anti-abortion protest groups on women’s rights. It also examines how far legislation to limit anti-abortion activism in designated areas is effective, and how far such legislation is consistent with international norms and feminised international laws.

Enikolopov, Reuben, Social Media and Protest Participation: Evidence from Russia, 28 4 , pp. smaller than 0

The article assesses the impact of the main Russian online social network, VK, on the likelihood of protest with a focus on 2011. It argues that increased use of the network did  have some impact on the likelihood of protest, but did so through simplifying coordination rather than increasing the availability of criticism of the regime. The authors also suggest that wider social use of the network actually increased support for the government.

Stoltzfus, Nathan, Resistance of the Heart: Intermarriage and the Rosenstrasse Protest in Nazi Germany, 1996 Piscataway NJ, Rutgers University Press, 2001 , pp. 418

In February 1943, Nazis rounded up 2,000 Jews married to Aryans and held them in Rosenstrasse, Berlin, pending deportation to Auschwitz. This sparked an initially successful campaign of public protest for their release. (A summary account appears in Kristina E. Thalhammer, Paula L. O’Loughlin, Myron Peretz Glazer, Penina Migdal Glazer, Sam McFarland, Sharon Toffey Shepela, Nathan Stoltzfus, Courageous Resistance: The Power of Ordinary People (A. 1.c. Small Scale, Hidden, Indirect and 'Everyday' Resistance) )

, The Pro-Democracy Protests in China: Reports from the Provinces, ed. Unger, Jonathan, Armonk NY, M.E. Sharpe, 1991 , pp. 239

Tutu, Desmond, The Rainbow People of God, ed. Allen, John, London, Bantam, 1995 , pp. 286

Tutu influenced world opinion in the 1980s and 1990s and chaired the post-apartheid Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

Fenton, James, The snap revolution, 18 1986 , pp. 33-155

Giordano, Al, Mexico’s presidential swindle, II 41 (September/October) 2006 , pp. 5-27

Analysis of fraud and manipulation of elections to favour the ruling candidate Felipe Calderon and account of opposition’s response.

Taylor, Ronald, Chavez and the Farm Workers, Boston, Beacon Press, 1975 , pp. 342

Includes assessment of impact of grape pickers’ strike on immigrant labour in other industries.

Poata-Smith, Evan, The Evolution of Contemporary Maori Protest, In Paul Spoonley, Cluny Macpherson, David Pearce, Nga Patai: Racism and Ethnic Relations in Aotearoa, Palmerston N.Z., Dunmore Press, 1996 , pp. 97-116

Account by Maori activist and academic which covers links to other movements, ‘brown power’, the Maori Land Rights movement of 1975-84, cultural campaigns, claims to the Waitangi Tribunal and responses by the Labour Government.

Sormova, Ruth; Neubarova, Michaela; Kavan, Jan, Czechoslovakia’s Nonviolent Revolution, In Brian Martin, Nonviolent Struggle and Social Defence (A. 1.b. Strategic Theory, Dynamics, Methods and Movements) London, War Resisters' International, 1991 , pp. 36-41

Stryker, Susan, Transgender History, Berkeley CA, Seal Press, 2008 , pp. 208

Survey of US Transgender movement from mid 20th century to early 2000s in chronological order.

Deutsch, Richard, Mairead Corrigan, Betty Williams, Foreword by Joan Baez Woodbury NY, Barrons, 1977 , pp. 204

Account of the genesis, development and programme of the Peace People by French journalist resident in Belfast at the time the movement began

Martin, Rachel, #MeToo was a Rallying Cry at Women's Marches in Italy, , pp. smaller than 0

The US feminist magazine reports that #quellavoltache  (MeToo) was a central theme of annual Women's Marches and rallies in Rome, Milan and Florence.   The Rome rally of hundreds of women was addressed by Asia Argento, who commented on the media abuse she had received after speaking out about being assaulted by Harvey Weinstein.  Representatives from the International Women's House and the Network of Women Against Violence, as well as a refugee woman activist, also spoke. 

Nugdalla, Sarah, The Revolution Continues: Sudanese Women’s Activism, In Okech A. (eds) Gender, Protests and Political Change in Africa. Gender, Development and Social Change Cham, Switzerland, Palgrave Macmillan, 2020 , pp. 107-130

This chapter examines how aspects of the Bashir regime's policy of Islamisation, control over women's bodies and concepts of  morality and respectability, prompted Sudanese women's activism after 1989.  It also explores how the political context has influenced space for activism, and the changing discourse about women's activism arising from the #FallThatIsAll movement.

See also: Gorani, Amel, ‘Sudanese women demand justice’, OpenDemocracy, 20 May 2011.

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/sudanese-women-demand-justice/

Amel Gorani reports the systematic use of sexual violence, torture, cruel and degrading treatment as one of the major security threats and tools of repression targeting women and communities all over Sudan.

See also: Bakhit, Rawa Gafar, ‘Women in #SudanRevolts: heritage of civil resistance’, OpenDemocracy, 19 July 2012

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/5050/women-in-sudanrevolts-heritage-of-civil-resistance/

Explores how women have been active in the Sudanese civil resistance and non-violent protests

Nikolova, Madlen, Anti-Corruption Protests Show the Hollowness of Bulgaria's Democracy, , pp. smaller than 0

This article provides an analysis of the socio-economic and political framework within which the movement of 2020 erupted, noting that both the right and the left in Bulgarian politics were accused of corruption, which indicated the 'lack of real political alternatives'. It also notes that issues such as high unemployment, low wages and failing health system are scarcely raised in parliament, even by the Bulgarian Socialist Party. Concludes by pointing to parallels with the 2013 protests.

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