Tudoriou, Theodor, Rose, Orange and Tulip: The failed post-Soviet revolutions , Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol. 40, no. 2 (Sept), 2007, pp. 315-342 Argues that civil society (despite its role in the opposition ) was too weak in these cases to achieve basic change, and that the democratic revolutions ‘proved to be little more than a limited rotation of ruling elites within undemocratic political systems’.
